Any RPG systems with social or environmental conflict resolution systems as in-depth as DnD 3+E combat?

As the title states, I'm curious if there are any RPG systems with systems for social or environmental conflict (ie exploring, investigating, infilitration, performing a heist, etc) that provide the same range of options and depth that can be seen in DnD 3+E tactical combat.

From my experience, most systems for social and environmental conflict generally consist 1 or more rolls resulting in either success or failure. The majority of the interesting element comes from the players' and DMs description and acting. The consequences of certain actions may or may not be known.

By contrast, combat usually involves a single roll only providing a measurable portion of progress. Each action sets the PC or NPC up for a variety of actions in the next round and determines their vulnerability to being targeted or hit. Position, targeting, and range are all relevant. The general consequence of most actions is known. Multiple attack options are available, each with their own benefits and detriments.

So, is anyone aware of RPG systems that provides systems for "tactical" social and environmental conflicts?